Journal of the European Optical Society - Rapid publications, Vol 8 (2013)

Intensity noise in ultra-high frequency modulated semiconductor laser with strong feedback and its influence on noise figure of RoF links

M. F. Ahmed, A. Bakry, R. Altuwirqi, M. S. Alghamdi, F. Koyama

Abstract


We characterize the intensity noise associated with the ultra-high frequency direct modulation of semiconductor lasers under strong optical feedback over a millimeter-wave frequency passband between 54.5 and 56.5 GHz. Enhancement of the modulation response over this millimeter wave band due to optical feedback is clearly shown by time-delay rate equation analysis fully involving the strong optical feedback effect. The contribution of the relative intensity noise of the laser to the noise figure of an ultra-high speed radio over fiber link is evaluated. We show that subjecting the laser diode to strong feedback improves the noise figure of a 55.8-GHz radio over fiber link nearly by 20 dB in the regime of small-signal modulation and 10 dB under large-signal modulation.


© The Authors. All rights reserved. [DOI: 10.2971/jeos.2013.13064]

Full Text: PDF

Citation Details


Cite this article

References


H. Ogawa, D. Polifko, and S. Banba, ”Millimeter-wave fiber optics systems forpersonal radio communication” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 40, 2285–2292 (1992).

S. C. Chan, S. K. Hwang, and J. M. Liu, ”Period-one oscillation for photonicmicrowave transmission using an optically injected semiconductor laser” Opti. Express 15, 14921–14935 (2007).

S. Hwang, J. Liu, and J. White, ”35-GHz intrinsic bandwidth for direct modulation in 1.3-mm semiconductor lasers subject to strong injection locking” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 972–974 (2004).

S. C. Chan, S. K. Hwangb, and J. M. Liu, ”Radio-over-fiber transmission from an optically injected semiconductor laser in period-one state” Proc. of SPIE 6468 646811–646819 (2007).

E. K. Lau, X. Zhao, H. K. Sung, D. Parekh, C. C. Hasnain, and M. C. Wu, ”Strong optical injection-locked semiconductor lasers demonstrating > 100-GHz resonance frequencies and 80-GHz intrinsic bandwidths” Opt. Express 16, 6609–6618 (2008).

U. Feiste, ”Optimization of modulation bandwidth of DBR lasers with detuned Bragg reflectors” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 2371–2379 (1998).

G. Morthier , R. Schatz and O. Kjebon, ”Extended modulation bandwidth of DBR and external cavity lasers by utilizing a cavity resonance for equalization” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36, 1468–1475 (2000).

R. Mindaugas, A. Glitzky, U. Bandelow, M. Wolfrum. U. Troppenz, J. Kreissl, and W. Rehbein., ”Improving the Modulation Bandwidth in Semiconductor Lasers by Passive Feedback” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13 136–142 (2007).

Y. Senlin, ”Modulation Response Characteristics of an Optical Delayed Feedback Semiconductor Laser” in Proceedings to Symp. Photon. Optoelectron. 1–4 (Wuhan, 2011).

J. S. Lawrence and D. M. Kane, ”Nonlinear Dynamics of a Laser Diode With Optical Feedback Systems Subject to Modulation” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 38, 185–192 (2002).

U. Troppenz, J. Kreissl, W. Rehbein, and C. Bornholdt, ”40Gbit/s directly modulated passive feedback laser” in Proceedings to Proc. 20th Int. Conf. on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials 1–4 (Versailles, 2008).

S. Weisser, E. C. Larkins, K. Czotscher, W. Benz, J. Daleiden, I. Esquivias, J. Fleissner et all., ”Damping-limited modulation bandwidths up to 40 GHz in undoped short-cavity In0.35Ga0.65As- GaAs multiple-quantum-well lasers” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8, 608–610 (1996).

M. Ahmed, A. Bakry, R. Altuwirqi, M. Alghamdi and F. Koyama, ”Enhancing modulation bandwidth of semiconductor lasers beyond 50 GHz by strong optical feedback for use in mm-wave radio over fiber links” Jap. J. Phys. Rap. Comm., accepted.

M. Ahmed and M. Yamada, ”Theoretical analysis of modecompetition noise in modulated laser diodes and its influence on noise performance of fiber links” J. Phys. D 45, 405102 (2012).

M. Ahmed, M. Yamada and M. Saito, ”Numerical modeling of intensity and phase noise in semiconductor lasers” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37, 1600–1610 (2001).

M. Ahmed, ”Spectral lineshape and noise of semiconductor lasers under analog intensity modulation” J. Phys. D 41, 175104 (2008).

N. Schunk and K. Petermann, ”Numerical analysis of the feedback regimes for a single-mode semiconductor laser with external feedback” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE 24, 1242–1247 (1988).

K. Kallimiani and M. J. O’Mahony, ”Relative intensity noise for laser diode with arbitrary amount of optical feedback” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 1438–1446 (1998).

M. Ahmed and M. Yamada, ”Field Fluctuations and Spectral Lineshape in Semiconductor Lasers Subjected to Optical Feedback” J. Appl. Phys. 95, 7573–7583 (2004).

A. T. Ryan, G. P. Agrawal, R. Gray, C. Gage, ”Optical feedback induced chaos and its control in multimode semiconductor lasers” IEEE J Quantum Electron. 30, 668–679 (1994).

J. C. Yi, ”High frequency modulation effects on the relative intensity noise properties of 405 nm InAlGaN laser diodes” Phys. Status solidi C 4, 1617–1620 (2007).

M. Ahmed, N. Z. El-saysed and H. Ibrahim, ”Chaos and noise control by current modulation in semiconductor lasers subject to optical feedback” Eur. Phys. J. 66, 141 (2012).

S. Abdulrhmann, M. Ahmed, T. Okamoto and M. Yamada, ”An improved analysis of semiconductor laser dynamics under strong optical feedback” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 1265–1274 (2002).

K. Sato, S. Kuwahar, and Y. Miyamoto, ”Chirp Characteristics of 40-Gb/s Directly Modulated Distributed-Feedback Laser Diodes” J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 3790–3797 (2005).

R. Lang and K. Kobayashi, ”External optical feedback effects on semicobductor laser properties” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE 16, 347–355 (1980).

M. Ahmed, ”Numerical Approach to Field Fluctuations and Spectral Lineshape in InGaAsP Laser Diodes” Int. J. Numer. Model. 17, 147–163 (2004).

M. Ahmed, M. Yamada, and S. Abdulrhmann, ”Numerical modeling of the route-to-chaos of semiconductor lasers under optical feedback and its dependence on the external-cavity length” Int. J. Numer. Model. 22, 434–445 (2009).

Y. H. Kao, N. M. Wang and H. M. Chen, ”Mode description of routes to chaos in external-cavity coupled semiconductor lasers” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 1732–1739 (1994).

H. Dalir and F. Koyamad, ”Bandwidth enhancement of singlemode VCSEL with lateral optical feedback of slow light” IEICE Electron. Exp. 8, 1075–1081 (2011).

C. Cox and W. S. Chang, RF photonic technology in optical fiber links (W. S. Chang, Cambridge Uni. Press, Cambridge, 2002).

C. H. Cox III, Analog optical links (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2004).


Journal of the European Optical Society:Rapid publications - ISSN 1990-2573. JEOS:RP is subject to the EOS General Terms and Conditions.